Which type of fault has movement occurring contemporaneously with deposition, resulting in increased throw with depth?

A growth fault is characterized by its activity occurring simultaneously with sediment deposition, leading to a condition where the displacement or throw of the fault increases with depth. This can happen as the fault continues to slip during the accumulation of sediments, thus creating a complex relationship between geological structures and the layers of sediment that are being deposited over time.

In this type of faulting, as the sedimentary layers are deposited, they can experience different types of stress and consequently can pull apart or sink in certain areas, thereby causing the fault to grow and the throw to increase with depth. This is especially common in sedimentary basins where the weight of overlying deposits can influence fault behavior and lead to noticeable vertical displacement.

Other types of faults mentioned do not possess this characteristic of contemporaneous movement with deposition in the same way that growth faults do. For instance, historic and Holocene faults are categorized based on the timing of their last movements rather than the relationship between sediment deposition and fault movement, while a fault-line scarp is primarily a morphological feature indicating the surface expression of a fault, without inherent reference to fault activity during deposition processes.